Tallinn (map) is Estonia’s capital and largest city. Tallinn is a historic city dating back to medieval times. The first fortress on Toompea was built around 1050 and Tallinn was possibly first recorded on a world map in 1154.

Tallinn’s Vanalinn (“Old town”, map) is one of the best preserved medieval cities in Europe and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

What can arguably be considered to be Tallinn’s main attractions are located in the old town of Tallinn (divided into a “lower town” and Toompea hill) which is easily explored on foot.

The Old Town is best navigated on foot, not that you have much choice. A network of buses, trams and trolleybuses covers the rest of the city.

Toompea – Upper Town. The hill occupies an easily defensible site overlooking the surrounding districts. The major attractions are the medieval Toompea Castle (map), the Lutheran St Mary’s Cathedral (map), and the Russian Orthodox Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (map).

All-linn – Lower Town. This area is one of the best preserved medieval towns in Europe and the authorities are continuing its rehabilitation. Major sights include the Town Hall square (Raekoja plats, map), the city wall and towers as well as a number of medieval churches, including St Olaf’s (map) and the Church of the Holy Ghost (map), The Catholic Cathedral of St Peter and St Paul (map).

Tallinn is home to more than 60 museums and galleries. Most of them are located in Kesklinn (map), the central district of the city, and cover Tallinn’s rich history.

Estonia’s capital is also home to many art and design museums. The Estonian Art Museum, the country’s biggest art museum, now consists of four branches – Kumu Art Museum (map), Kadriorg Art Museum (map), Mikkel Museum (map), and Niguliste Museum / St. Nicholas’ Church (map). Kumu Art Museum features the country’s largest collection of contemporary and modern art. It also displays Estonian art starting from the early 18th century.

The most symbolic seafood dish of Tallinn is “Vürtsikilu” – spicy sprats, pickled with a distinctive set of spices including black pepper, allspice and cloves.

It is located 187 kilometres (116 mi) northwest of the country’s second largest city Tartu, however only 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Helsinki, Finland, 320 kilometres (200 mi) west of Saint Petersburg, Russia, 300 kilometres (190 mi) north of Riga, Latvia, and 380 kilometres (240 mi) east of Stockholm, Sweden.

TLT operates frequent bus, trolley and tram services daily 06:00-23:59. Timetables and maps are available in English > transport.tallinn.ee.

The Tallinn Card includes unlimited use of public transport.

Põhja-Eesti Public Transport Centre is a local authority which organizes public transport in Harju County, the province surrounding Tallinn.

BUS: Frequent buses operate between Tallinn and other cities in Estonia. Domestic bus schedules and prices can be found at Tpilet.ee and Peatus.ee (a good trip planner as well).

TRAIN: Elron.  RZD provides daily international services to Saint Petersburg (7 hr) and Moscow (~15 hr) in Russia.

AIRPORT: Tallinn Airport

WATERWAYS: The most common ferry route is from Helsinki, journey time is 1½-3½ hours. Eckerö Line • Tallink Silja • Viking Line • St. Peter Line. See also *Baltic Sea ferries and *Cruising the Baltic Sea for details on travelling in by ferry.

This is the second video of the travel series and in this episode, we will discover the top 5 things to do in The Old Town of Tallinn. We will visit the fortified tower and the underground passages, peek into the 600-year-old pharmacy and find out how illnesses used to be treated in medieval Tallinn.

We will eat food that you could find in the pantry of the 14th-century merchant house and find out more about the structure of the society at that time.

⇒ video source: Visit Tallinn – Medieval city by the sea! /youtube.com/

• City of Tallinn